Tuesday 6 September 2011

Cobra

Cobra (About this sound pronunciation (help·info)) is a venomous snake belonging to the family Elapidae. However, not all snakes commonly referred to as cobras are of the same genus, or even of the same family. The name is short for cobra de capelo or cobra-de-capelo, which is Portuguese for "snake with hood", or "hood-snake".[1] When disturbed, most of these snakes can rear up and spread their neck (or hood) in a characteristic threat display.

Cobra may refer to:

any member of the genus Naja, also known as typical cobras (with the characteristic ability to raise the front quarters of their bodies off the ground and flatten their necks in a threatening gesture), a group of venomous elapids found in Africa and Asia
spitting cobras, a subset of Naja species with the ability to eject venom from its fangs in self-defense
any member of the genus Boulengerina, a.k.a. water cobras, a group of venomous elapids found in Africa
any member of the genus Aspidelaps, a.k.a. shield-nose cobras or coral snakes, a group of venomous elapids found in Africa
any member of the genus Pseudohaje, a.k.a. tree cobras, a group of venomous elapids found in Africa
Paranaja multifasciata, a.k.a. the burrowing cobra, a venomous elapid species found in Africa
Ophiophagus hannah, a.k.a. the king cobra, a venomous elapid species found in India and southern Asia
Hemachatus haemachatus, a.k.a. the ringhals or ring-necked spitting cobra, a venomous elapid species found in Africa
Micrurus fulvius, a.k.a. the American cobra or eastern coral snake, a venomous elapid species found in the southeastern United States
Hydrodynastes gigas, a.k.a. the false water cobra, a mildly venomous colubrid species found in South America
a taxonomic synonym for the genus Bitis, a.k.a. puff adders, a group of venomous vipers found in Africa and in the south of the Arabian Peninsula



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Cobra Command, commonly referred to as Cobra, is the fictional nemesis of the G.I. Joe team in the Hasbro action figure toylines G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero and G.I. Joe: Sigma 6, as well as their related media.[1]

Cobra was introduced when G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero line was launched in 1982. The toyline was accompanied by a Marvel Comic series written by Larry Hama, and an animated television series by Sunbow and Marvel Productions. Each medium to feature G.I. Joe has had its own continuity and as such, the origin and portrayal of Cobra has differed in each of them.

It was Marvel Comics who invented Cobra, with the concept and name coming from Archie Goodwin: when they were brought in, Hasbro hadn't thought of doing a villain for the toyline, and were reluctant to make villain toys as they believed villains didn't sell. As Jim Shooter put it, "later, by the way, villains became 40% of their volume.

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